Why does the transformer tutorial have a multiplication by sqrt number of inputs? I know there is a division by sqrt(D) in the multiheaded self attention, but why is there one with the output of the encoder?
In particular:
src = self.encoder(src) * math.sqrt(self.ninp)
from: Language Modeling with nn.Transformer and TorchText — PyTorch Tutorials 1.9.0+cu102 documentation
Reference code:
import math
import torch
import torch.nn as nn
import torch.nn.functional as F
from torch.nn import TransformerEncoder, TransformerEncoderLayer
class TransformerModel(nn.Module):
def __init__(self, ntoken, ninp, nhead, nhid, nlayers, dropout=0.5):
super(TransformerModel, self).__init__()
self.model_type = 'Transformer'
self.pos_encoder = PositionalEncoding(ninp, dropout)
encoder_layers = TransformerEncoderLayer(ninp, nhead, nhid, dropout)
self.transformer_encoder = TransformerEncoder(encoder_layers, nlayers)
self.encoder = nn.Embedding(ntoken, ninp)
self.ninp = ninp
self.decoder = nn.Linear(ninp, ntoken)
self.init_weights()
def generate_square_subsequent_mask(self, sz):
mask = (torch.triu(torch.ones(sz, sz)) == 1).transpose(0, 1)
mask = mask.float().masked_fill(mask == 0, float('-inf')).masked_fill(mask == 1, float(0.0))
return mask
def init_weights(self):
initrange = 0.1
self.encoder.weight.data.uniform_(-initrange, initrange)
self.decoder.bias.data.zero_()
self.decoder.weight.data.uniform_(-initrange, initrange)
def forward(self, src, src_mask):
src = self.encoder(src) * math.sqrt(self.ninp)
src = self.pos_encoder(src)
output = self.transformer_encoder(src, src_mask)
output = self.decoder(output)
return output
or
self.embedding(tokens.long()) * math.sqrt(self.emb_size)`